AN INVESTIGATION ON THE IMPACT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND PLANT SPACING ON TWO PASTURE GRASSES (brachiaria decumbens and digitaria decumbens )
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- NGN 3000
INTRODUCTION
Forage and fodder crops are essential to the productivity of Nigeria's domestic ruminant population, which is estimated to number 101 million animals (Fed Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources, 2008). It is believed that just a pitiful 3% of all cattle are raised on better pastures. This number is somewhat discouraging (Agishi , 2022). Similarly, a significant portion of Nigeria's 32.42 million hectares of grazing land is underutilized and consists of indigenous forage species that produce low yields and are of poor quality (Agishi, 2022). After that, these grazing reserves will be developed by directly sowing or transplanting enhanced pasture species. This will take place as soon as possible. (Bahar, 2021).
According to Akinola (2022), the humid zone of Nigeria, which has a rainy season that lasts for eight months, has the potential to become a forage production center. Although the humid zone of Nigeria was not a major cattle production area due to the prevalence of tsetse fly with its associated disease problem (trypanosomiasis), the trend has changed in recent years. Trypanosomiasis is a problem that is associated with the tsetse fly. Along with the rise in population, the invasion of the derived savanna that occurs as a result of land clearance is a significant factor in this transformation. In southern Nigeria, there has been a substantial growth in the number of non-trypanotolerant white Fulani zebu as well as trypanotolerant varieties (Bahar, 2021).
In Nigeria, the practice of growing fodder crops specifically for the purpose of feeding animals is not a very prevalent one. As a result of this, the majority of enhanced pasture grasses have only been evaluated for their agronomic potential inside the confines of research institutions and a select number of contemporary livestock farms located in the traditional livestock production area of northern Nigeria. Both Bracharia decumbens and Digitaria decumbens are examples of relatively recent introductions of pasture grasses that have been made into the humid environment of Nigeria (Ogedegbe, personal communication). In general, pastures are hampered and their quality is reduced when there is a limited nitrogen supply (Bogdan, 2022). Forage grasses see increases in their yields of both dry matter and crude protein after an application of fertilizer (Bogdan, 2022). Plant spacing had a substantial impact on the elephant grass's capacity to survive, as well as the amount of crude protein and herbage (Akinola, 2022). In addition, pasture grasses flourish in environments with a medium level of humidity, and close spacing (20 x 20 cm) of rooted sprigs of signal grass established faster than widely spread sprigs (Bogdan, 2022). This suggests that moderately humid environments may be less likely to experience disease outbreaks (Bogdan, 2022). In light of the information presented above, conducting an analysis of pasture grasses in an atmosphere characterized by high humidity is obligatory in order to derive an acceptable agronomic system for the management of these grasses. The following were the goals of the study:
(1) To assess the impact of nutrient, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer on the development and forage production of two pasture grasses (Brachiaria decumbens and Digitaria decumbens)
(2)To determine how the distance between plants affects the development and forage production of two types of pasture grass (Brachiaria decumbens and Digitaria decumbens).
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